Mental health library · 6 guides
Mental health conditions and symptoms explained
This hub is for anyone trying to understand mental health conditions and symptoms. It offers plain explanations of what different experiences can feel like, what might help, and when it makes sense to talk to a professional. You are not looking for a diagnosis here. You are looking for words for something that can be hard to name, and for steps that feel manageable.
The information is not meant to cover every person or every situation. Conditions and symptoms can overlap, and two people may experience the same thing very differently. Take what resonates and leave the rest. Support can come from a GP, a therapist, a community group, faith support or a trusted person.
Start here
- Bipolar Disorder During Pregnancy: Medications, Therapy and CareA practical guide to managing bipolar disorder during pregnancy, including medication risks, therapy options, and mood episode care before and after birth.9 min
- Cyclothymia and Milder Mood Swings: Signs and SupportLearn about cyclothymia and chronic mild mood cycling between low and elevated states, with practical signs, support options, and when to seek help.8 min
- How to Tell Hypomania From Mania: Key DifferencesA plain guide to the difference between hypomania and mania in bipolar disorder. What to look for, why diagnosis matters, and when to seek help.7 min
- How to Support Someone With Bipolar DisorderPractical ways to listen, track moods, and respond during episodes. For partners, family, and friends caring for someone with bipolar.9 min
- Common Signs of Bipolar Mood Episodes: A Practical GuideRecognise the early and late warning signs of bipolar mood episodes: energy changes, sleep disruption, mood shifts, and when to get help.9 min
- What Is Bipolar Disorder? Mood Episodes ExplainedBipolar disorder involves mood episodes that shift between depression and mania or hypomania. Learn the signs, types, and what help looks like.8 min
All guides on conditions & symptoms 6
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- Common Signs of Bipolar Mood Episodes: A Practical GuideRecognise the early and late warning signs of bipolar mood episodes: energy changes, sleep disruption, mood shifts, and when to get help.9 min
- Cyclothymia and Milder Mood Swings: Signs and SupportLearn about cyclothymia and chronic mild mood cycling between low and elevated states, with practical signs, support options, and when to seek help.8 min
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- How to Support Someone With Bipolar DisorderPractical ways to listen, track moods, and respond during episodes. For partners, family, and friends caring for someone with bipolar.9 min
- How to Tell Hypomania From Mania: Key DifferencesA plain guide to the difference between hypomania and mania in bipolar disorder. What to look for, why diagnosis matters, and when to seek help.7 min
Common questions about conditions & symptoms
What if I am not sure whether what I feel is a mental health condition?
It can be hard to tell, and symptoms can overlap with stress or physical health. You do not need a clear label to deserve support. A GP or mental health professional can help you explore what is going on.
How do I know if my low mood is depression?
Sadness often comes from a specific event and fades with time. Depression can feel heavier, last longer and make daily life harder. A doctor or therapist can look at symptoms and history.
When should I get professional help?
Consider getting help if symptoms affect your sleep, work, relationships or daily functioning. You do not need a severe diagnosis to seek support. A professional can assess your situation and discuss options.
Can I get support in my own language or culture?
Many services can offer therapy in different languages or adapt care to cultural beliefs. You can ask a GP, therapist or local community group about language support. If standard services do not feel right, community or faith groups may help.
What is the difference between stress and burnout?
Stress can feel like too much to carry, while burnout is often linked to long term exhaustion from work or caregiving. Both can affect mood and body. Support and rest can help, and a professional can guide next steps.
How should I handle anger or irritability?
Anger can be a normal emotion, but persistent anger or irritability may need support. A therapist can help you notice triggers and build coping skills. A GP can check for physical causes and discuss options.
What should I know about ADHD or autism in adults and children?
These conditions can look different at different ages and may be missed or misunderstood. Symptoms may be read as anxiety, mood or behaviour issues. A specialist can assess and explain support.
How do I cope with intrusive thoughts or low self esteem?
Intrusive thoughts can be distressing but are not the same as acting on them. Talking therapy can help reduce their power. Low self esteem may benefit from gradual steps and professional support.
What helps with emotional numbness?
Emotional numbness can be a sign of trauma, burnout or depression. Therapy can help you reconnect at your own pace. A doctor can check other causes.
How can I support someone who has PTSD or trauma symptoms?
Support them by listening calmly and not pushing them to talk. Encourage professional help and offer practical support like routines or safety planning. You may also seek support for yourself.
Where can I go from here?
Start with a GP or trusted clinician. You might also look into Therapy O'Clock, though local services and community or faith support may be a first step. A professional can discuss what help may suit you.
Need help right now?
If you might act on thoughts of harming yourself, or someone is in danger, call your emergency number now.
- United Kingdom Samaritans 116 123 (free, any time) · NHS 111 · emergency 999
- Ireland Samaritans 116 123 · text HELLO to 50808 · emergency 112 or 999
- United Arab Emirates National support line 800 4673 · emergency 999 (ambulance 998)
- Canada Suicide Crisis Helpline 988 (call or text) · emergency 911
- Anywhere else find free, confidential helplines in your country at findahelpline.com