Mental health library
Depression and low mood
Depression is more than feeling sad. It drains energy, sleep, appetite and hope, and in our communities it is often hidden behind "thak gayi hoon" or "bas aise hi". These guides explain what depression is, how to spot it, and what helps.
Signs of depression: how to recognise it in yourself
Emotional, physical and behavioural signs of depression, how it often shows up in South Asian communities, and when to seek help.
DepressionDepression or sadness? How to tell the difference
Sadness is a normal reaction to life. Depression is different. How to tell them apart, including after grief and big life changes.
DepressionPostnatal depression: when the joy does not come
Signs of postnatal depression in mothers and fathers, why it is so often hidden in South Asian families, and how to get help.
DepressionHow to help someone with depression
What to say and not say, how to encourage help without pressure, and how to look after yourself when someone you love is depressed.
DepressionDepression treatment options: therapy, medication and self-help
The main treatments for depression explained: talking therapies, antidepressants, behavioural activation and lifestyle steps, and how to choose.
Common questions about depression
What is depression?
Depression is a health condition where low mood, loss of interest and other symptoms last for at least two weeks and affect daily life. It is common and treatable.
What are the main signs of depression?
Persistent low mood, losing interest in things you used to enjoy, tiredness, sleep and appetite changes, poor concentration, feeling worthless or guilty, and sometimes thoughts of death.
Is depression a sign of weakness?
No. Depression is a health condition linked to biology, life events and circumstances. It can affect anyone, including people who seem strong and successful.
Can depression be cured?
Most people recover from an episode of depression with the right support. Talking therapy, medication or both are effective for many people.
What is the best treatment for depression?
For mild to moderate depression, talking therapies such as CBT or behavioural activation work well. For more severe depression, therapy combined with medication is often recommended.
How long does depression last?
Without treatment an episode can last months. With treatment many people feel better within weeks to a few months.
Can I get help for depression in Urdu or Punjabi?
Yes. Therapy O'Clock lists psychologists and psychiatrists who work with depression in Urdu, Punjabi, Pashto and English.
Is it depression or am I just tired?
If tiredness comes with low mood, loss of interest and other symptoms most days for two weeks or more, it may be depression. A doctor can also check for physical causes such as anaemia or thyroid problems.
Can depression cause physical pain?
Yes. Aches, headaches, back pain and stomach problems are common with depression, and many South Asian people first describe depression this way.
What should I do if I have thoughts of suicide?
Tell someone now. Call Samaritans on 116 123 in the UK or Ireland, 988 in Canada, 800 4673 in the UAE, or your emergency number if you might act on the thoughts.
Does faith help with depression?
Many people find strength in faith and community. Faith and professional help can go together; depression is a health condition, not a lack of iman.
Need help right now?
If you might act on thoughts of harming yourself, or someone is in danger, call your emergency number now. Free, confidential support:
- United Kingdom Samaritans 116 123 (free, any time) · NHS 111 · emergency 999
- Ireland Samaritans 116 123 · text HELLO to 50808 · emergency 112 or 999
- United Arab Emirates National support line 800 4673 · emergency 999 (ambulance 998)
- Canada Suicide Crisis Helpline 988 (call or text) · emergency 911